The total protective performance of the m-aramid fibre New Star^® and PSA fibre Tanlon^® fabrics was studied. The difference of the total protective performance between New Star^®, Tanlon^® fabrics, Nomex^®, Kevlar^® and PBI/Kevlar^® blended fabrics were discussed. The effect of the component layer’s basic properties, the outer layer’s moist status, and the total thermal insulation on the total protective performance of multi-layer fabrics used in firefighter turnout clothing was analyzed.