Dope dyeing technology for cellulose fiber is worth of development for its cost-efficiency, uniformity of coloration and superior colorfastness, especially for lower water and energy consumption. In this paper, the development of colorants, solvents for cellulose and the compatibility of colorants and spinning solution were discussed and analyzed based on the latest researches. It can be concluded that the nanoscale pigment or nanoscale encapsulated pigment would be the main colorant for cellulose fiber dope dyeing in the future.