High-performance fiber materials and nonwovens play a significant role in the fields of filtration and separation. Based on the introduction of some novel products on the market,including micro-meltblown webs and nanofibers, this article stated the latest development of this industry. Besides technical features, the application status and development tendency in the fields of water purification, acoustic insulation, oil filtration media, as well as filtration and separation,were especially presented.